SPC Flooring Extrusion Machine Line

SPC (Stone Plastic Composite) flooring, also known as stone plastic flooring, is a high-performance flooring made by stable mixing of limestone powder (calcium carbonate) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) through high-temperature extrusion molding. Its production line has similarities with LVT extrusion line, but due to different material characteristics, it also has its own unique features.

The core of the extrusion process for SPC flooring is the "dry process" or "direct extrusion process". Its formula has a very high content of calcium carbonate (up to 60% -80%) and relatively low PVC content, so the mixture is more like a "powder" rather than a "wet material". This determines the key characteristics of its production equipment.

A complete SPC floor substrate extrusion production line mainly includes the following systems:

1. Raw material pretreatment and conveying system

·High speed hot and cold mixers: This is the crucial first step in SPC production. Put PVC resin, a large amount of calcium carbonate, stabilizers and other raw materials into the hot mixer, stir at high speed to the set temperature (about 120 ° C), so that the PVC particles fully absorb the additives and wrap around CaCO ³, forming a uniform pre plasticized dry mix. Subsequently, it enters the cold mixer for rapid cooling to 40-50 ° C to prevent clumping and provide a stable material source for extrusion.

·Automated measurement and conveying: using precision measurement systems such as weight loss scales to ensure absolute accuracy in the proportion of high calcium powder. Fully enclosed pipeline transportation to prevent dust pollution.

2. Extrusion and Forming System - The core of the production line is the biggest difference between SPC line and LVT line.

·Conical twin-screw extruder: This is the absolute main model produced by SPC.

·Why is it a cone double? SPC material is a high filling, low viscosity powder with poor flowability. The conical twin-screw gradually reduces in volume from the feeding port to the machine head, generating strong compression ratio and shear force on the material. It is very suitable for conveying and plasticizing difficult to process powders, and the discharge is stable and plasticizing is uniform.

·Parallel twin-screw can also be used for SPC production, but its conveying and pressure building capabilities are usually inferior to cone twin-screw when processing extremely high calcium powder ratios.

·Mold and Calibration Unit:

·Hanger type plate mold: The extruder passes the melted and mixed material stream through a precision T-shaped hanger type mold to form a slab of the required width and thickness.

·Three roll calendering machine: The high-temperature slab coming out of the mold immediately enters the three roll calendering machine. Through the rolling of three precision cooling rollers, the plate is preliminarily shaped, compacted, and the thickness and flatness are controlled, and the surface is given a certain degree of smoothness. Please note that the "calendering" function here is similar to the "rolling" function of LVT, but the pressure and precision requirements are different.

3. Cooling and traction system

·Multi stage cooling bracket: The temperature of the board that has been preliminarily shaped by calendering is still very high, and it needs to be cooled by a multi-stage cooling bracket that is ten to twenty meters long. There are fans on both sides of the bracket to evenly and slowly cool the plates, preventing internal stress deformation and warping caused by rapid cooling.

·Tractor: Provides stable and strong pulling force to continuously pull out the sheets from the extruder, ensuring a constant production speed. Rubber rollers or track type tractors are usually used to prevent slipping.

4. Online composite system (optional)

·Color film unwinding and bonding device: The SPC substrate after cooling and shaping is solid color. In order to achieve decorative value, the production line will integrate a color film unwinding station. Pre printed PVC color film with wood and stone grain patterns is bonded to the substrate at high temperature using a hot press roller.

·Wear resistant layer unwinding device (optional): Similarly, the transparent wear-resistant layer can also be pre made into a thin film, which can be compounded with color film and substrate through unwinding.

5. Roll pressing and shaping system

·Embossing steel roller: after fitting the color film, immediately use a cooling embossing steel roller to cooperate with the silicone rubber roller to emboss the floor surface to create a wood texture or stone texture (synchronized matching) synchronized with the pattern.

6. Cutting and Stacking System

·Fixed length cutting machine (flying saw/flying cut): SPC flooring is a hard flooring that is usually not rolled up, but directly cut into sheets. The cutting machine moves synchronously with the production line and cuts continuously produced plates into set lengths (such as 1200mm, 1800mm) without stopping the machine.

·Automatic stacker crane: The cut sheets are conveyed to the stacker crane by a conveyor belt, and automatically stacked into stacks by a robotic arm or layering mechanism. They are then packaged with film and ready for the subsequent slotting process.

SPC means stone plastic composite, also named Rigid vinyl plank, which is new environment-friendly flooring, with zero formaldehyde/mildew/moisture, fire-proof, pest control, simple installation.

SPC floor is extruded by extruder and T-die extrusion PVC substrate, with four-roll or five-roll calender, respectively, PVC wear layer, PVC color film and PVC substrate, one-time heating paste, embossed products , The process is simple, close by heat to complete, do not need glue.

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